ICMA Foundation- FBMS- Paper Test- NCERT- Class 11 Statistics for Economics - Test 1-Organisation and Presentation of Data
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QUESTION 1 OF 50
Why is it necessary to classify raw data after it has been collected? Options:
QUESTION 2 OF 50
What is the common term used for highly disorganised, unclassified data? Options:
QUESTION 3 OF 50
When the population of a country is grouped by years, such as 1991, 2001, and 2011, this classification is known as: Options:
QUESTION 4 OF 50
If data concerning the yield of wheat is classified across different countries like Canada, China, and India, which type of classification is applied? Options:
QUESTION 5 OF 50
Which of the following is an attribute used in qualitative classification? Options:
QUESTION 6 OF 50
When data containing quantifiable characteristics like age, height, and income are grouped into classes, it is termed as: Options:
QUESTION 7 OF 50
A variable that is capable of manifesting in every conceivable value, including fractional values, is called a: Options:
QUESTION 8 OF 50
Which of the following is an example of a discrete variable? Options:
QUESTION 9 OF 50
What is the primary function of a frequency distribution? Options:
QUESTION 10 OF 50
The difference between the upper class limit and the lower class limit of a specific class is referred to as the: Options:
QUESTION 11 OF 50
If a frequency class has a lower limit of 60 and an upper limit of 70, what is its class mark? Options:
QUESTION 12 OF 50
Equal-sized class intervals are generally NOT suitable when dealing with: Options:
QUESTION 13 OF 50
When preparing equal-sized class intervals, how is the number of classes calculated if the size of the interval is known? Options:
QUESTION 14 OF 50
In an exclusive form of class intervals, an item that is exactly equal to the upper class limit is: Options:
QUESTION 15 OF 50
To restore continuity in inclusive class intervals, what adjustment is made to the class limits? Options:
QUESTION 16 OF 50
When counting class frequencies using tally marking, how is a group of five frequencies conventionally represented? Options:
QUESTION 17 OF 50
When raw data is summarized into a frequency distribution, what represents the individual values in further statistical calculations? Options:
QUESTION 18 OF 50
In which situation is it more appropriate to use a frequency distribution with unequal classes? Options:
QUESTION 19 OF 50
The classification of data for a discrete variable, where frequencies correspond to distinct integral values instead of class intervals, is called a: Options:
QUESTION 20 OF 50
A frequency distribution that summarizes data for two variables simultaneously, such as sales and advertisement expenditure, is known as a: Options:
QUESTION 21 OF 50
When is textual presentation of data most suitable? Options:
QUESTION 22 OF 50
What is a significant drawback of presenting data exclusively in a textual format? Options:
QUESTION 23 OF 50
A table representing data based on characteristics like social status, physical status, or nationality employs which type of classification? Options:
QUESTION 24 OF 50
In tabular presentation, forming classes by assigning limits to measurable characteristics like age, height, or income represents: Options:
QUESTION 25 OF 50
If a table displays the yearly sales of a shop from 1995 to 2000, which classifying variable is being used? Options:
QUESTION 26 OF 50
A table illustrating the percentage of India's total exports destined for the USA, UK, China, and Russia exemplifies: Options:
QUESTION 27 OF 50
Which element serves the primary purpose of distinguishing one table from another when multiple tables are presented in a document? Options:
QUESTION 28 OF 50
The designations placed at the top of each vertical section in a table to explain its figures are called: Options:
QUESTION 29 OF 50
In a statistical table, the designations applied to the rows, making up the complete left column, are referred to as: Options:
QUESTION 30 OF 50
The main part of a statistical table that contains the actual numerical data, located by specific rows and columns, is known as the: Options:
QUESTION 31 OF 50
If the figures in a table are large and need to be rounded up, where must the unit of measurement and rounding method be indicated? Options:
QUESTION 32 OF 50
Which method provides the quickest overall understanding of abstract numerical data compared to reading text or a table? Options:
QUESTION 33 OF 50
Bar diagrams and pie diagrams both belong to which broad category of diagrammatic presentation? Options:
QUESTION 34 OF 50
In a simple bar diagram constructed for a specific characteristic, what does the height or length of each rectangle signify? Options:
QUESTION 35 OF 50
Which geometric diagram is used to compare two or more sets of data, such as income and expenditure across different years? Options:
QUESTION 36 OF 50
A bar diagram that subdivides a single bar to represent different integral parts, such as dividing total enrolled children into boys and girls, is called a: Options:
QUESTION 37 OF 50
When data is represented in a circle divided into parts proportional to the components it represents, it is known as a: Options:
QUESTION 38 OF 50
To find the angle for each category in a pie diagram, the percentage figure of every component is multiplied by: Options:
QUESTION 39 OF 50
Data taking the form of a grouped frequency distribution are generally represented by frequency diagrams. Which of the following is a frequency diagram? Options:
QUESTION 40 OF 50
When the class intervals of a continuous variable vary in width, the heights of the rectangles in a histogram must be adjusted to represent: Options:
QUESTION 41 OF 50
Which frequency diagram can be constructed by joining the midpoints of the topside of the consecutive rectangles of a histogram with straight lines? Options:
QUESTION 42 OF 50
When creating a frequency polygon, what values are plotted along the X-axis? Options:
QUESTION 43 OF 50
When the points of a frequency polygon are joined by a smooth freehand trace passing as closely as possible through them, the resulting graph is a: Options:
QUESTION 44 OF 50
An ogive is a graphical representation also known as a: Options:
QUESTION 45 OF 50
In a 'less than' ogive, cumulative frequencies are plotted against the respective: Options:
QUESTION 46 OF 50
The intersection point of the 'less than' ogive and the 'more than' ogive on a graph provides the value of the: Options:
QUESTION 47 OF 50
Which type of graph is specifically designed to plot time on the X-axis against the value of a variable on the Y-axis? Options:
QUESTION 48 OF 50
In an arithmetic line graph representing a time series, the time variable (such as hours, months, or years) is always plotted along the: Options:
QUESTION 49 OF 50
What is the primary benefit of plotting an arithmetic line graph for variables over long periods? Options:
QUESTION 50 OF 50
Which graphical method would be most appropriate to display the long-term trend of a country's total exports and imports from 1993 to 2014? Options:
Test Complete!
Answer Review
1 Why is it necessary to classify raw data after it has been collected? Options:
Unclassified or raw data are highly disorganised, making it tedious to draw meaningful conclusions. Classification brings order to the data so it yields to statistical methods easily. NCERT Page 24.
2 What is the common term used for highly disorganised, unclassified data? Options:
The unclassified data that are collected before any systematic statistical analysis are known as raw data. NCERT Page 24.
3 When the population of a country is grouped by years, such as 1991, 2001, and 2011, this classification is known as: Options:
Data classified either in ascending or descending order with reference to time (years, quarters, months) is known as Chronological Classification. NCERT Page 26.
4 If data concerning the yield of wheat is classified across different countries like Canada, China, and India, which type of classification is applied? Options:
In Spatial Classification, the data are classified with reference to geographical locations such as countries, states, cities, or districts. NCERT Page 26.
5 Which of the following is an attribute used in qualitative classification? Options:
Characteristics that cannot be expressed quantitatively, such as nationality, literacy, or religion, are called Qualities or Attributes, forming the basis of Qualitative Classification. NCERT Page 27.
6 When data containing quantifiable characteristics like age, height, and income are grouped into classes, it is termed as: Options:
Characteristics like height, weight, age, and income are quantitative. Grouping collected data of such characteristics into classes is called Quantitative Classification. NCERT Page 28.
7 A variable that is capable of manifesting in every conceivable value, including fractional values, is called a: Options:
A continuous variable can take any numerical value, including integral values, exact fractions, and values that are not exact fractions. NCERT Page 28.
8 Which of the following is an example of a discrete variable? Options:
A discrete variable takes only certain finite values (usually whole numbers) and jumps from one value to another without taking intermediate values, such as the number of students. NCERT Page 28.
9 What is the primary function of a frequency distribution? Options:
A frequency distribution is a comprehensive way to classify raw data of a quantitative variable, showing how values are distributed across different classes along with their frequencies. NCERT Page 29.
10 The difference between the upper class limit and the lower class limit of a specific class is referred to as the: Options:
Class Interval or Class Width is defined as the difference between the upper class limit and the lower class limit. NCERT Page 29.
11 If a frequency class has a lower limit of 60 and an upper limit of 70, what is its class mark? Options:
The Class Mid-Point or Class Mark is the middle value of a class, calculated as (Upper Class Limit + Lower Class Limit) / 2. NCERT Page 29.
12 Equal-sized class intervals are generally NOT suitable when dealing with: Options:
Equal class intervals are not suitable when the range is very high, such as income per day, because it would either lead to a large number of classes or suppress information if the intervals are too large. NCERT Page 29.
13 When preparing equal-sized class intervals, how is the number of classes calculated if the size of the interval is known? Options:
The number of classes can be calculated by dividing the range (difference between largest and smallest values) by the size of the class intervals. NCERT Page 30.
14 In an exclusive form of class intervals, an item that is exactly equal to the upper class limit is: Options:
In exclusive class intervals, an item equal to either the upper or lower class limit is excluded from the frequency of that class. Usually, it is the upper limit that is excluded. NCERT Page 31.
15 To restore continuity in inclusive class intervals, what adjustment is made to the class limits? Options:
Continuity is restored by finding the difference between the lower limit of the second class and the upper limit of the first class, dividing by two, and then subtracting this value from lower limits and adding it to upper limits. NCERT Page 31.
16 When counting class frequencies using tally marking, how is a group of five frequencies conventionally represented? Options:
The counting of tally is made easier when four of them are put vertically and the fifth tally is placed across them, grouping them into fives. NCERT Page 33.
17 When raw data is summarized into a frequency distribution, what represents the individual values in further statistical calculations? Options:
Once data are grouped into classes, all values in a class are assumed to be equal to the class mark. Further calculations are based solely on these class marks, resulting in a loss of raw information. NCERT Page 33.
18 In which situation is it more appropriate to use a frequency distribution with unequal classes? Options:
If a large number of values are concentrated in a small part of the range, unequal class intervals are appropriate to make class marks coincide better with the concentrated data values. NCERT Page 34.
19 The classification of data for a discrete variable, where frequencies correspond to distinct integral values instead of class intervals, is called a: Options:
For a discrete variable, the classification of its data is known as a Frequency Array, as it takes distinct integral values and not intermediate fractional values. NCERT Page 35.
20 A frequency distribution that summarizes data for two variables simultaneously, such as sales and advertisement expenditure, is known as a: Options:
A Bivariate Frequency Distribution is defined as the frequency distribution of two variables collected from the same sample. NCERT Page 36.
21 When is textual presentation of data most suitable? Options:
In textual presentation, data are described within the text. This form is more suitable when the quantity of data is not too large. NCERT Page 41.
22 What is a significant drawback of presenting data exclusively in a textual format? Options:
A serious drawback of textual presentation is that one has to go through the complete text of presentation to achieve comprehension. NCERT Page 42.
23 A table representing data based on characteristics like social status, physical status, or nationality employs which type of classification? Options:
When classification is done according to attributes such as social status, physical status, or nationality, it is called qualitative classification. NCERT Page 42.
24 In tabular presentation, forming classes by assigning limits to measurable characteristics like age, height, or income represents: Options:
In quantitative classification, data are classified based on characteristics which can be measured quantitatively, forming classes with defined limits. NCERT Page 43.
25 If a table displays the yearly sales of a shop from 1995 to 2000, which classifying variable is being used? Options:
In temporal classification, time (such as years, months, weeks) becomes the classifying variable. NCERT Page 43.
26 A table illustrating the percentage of India's total exports destined for the USA, UK, China, and Russia exemplifies: Options:
When classification is done on the basis of place (country, state, district), it is called spatial classification. NCERT Page 44.
27 Which element serves the primary purpose of distinguishing one table from another when multiple tables are presented in a document? Options:
Table number is assigned for identification purposes. If more than one table is presented, it is the table number that distinguishes one table from another. NCERT Page 44.
28 The designations placed at the top of each vertical section in a table to explain its figures are called: Options:
At the top of each column in a table, a designation is given to explain figures of the column, which is called a caption or column heading. NCERT Page 45.
29 In a statistical table, the designations applied to the rows, making up the complete left column, are referred to as: Options:
The designations of the rows are called stubs or stub items, and the complete left column is known as the stub column. NCERT Page 45.
30 The main part of a statistical table that contains the actual numerical data, located by specific rows and columns, is known as the: Options:
The body of a table is the main part and it contains the actual data, determined by the row and column of the table. NCERT Page 46.
31 If the figures in a table are large and need to be rounded up, where must the unit of measurement and rounding method be indicated? Options:
The unit of measurement should always be stated along with the title, stubs, or captions, and the method of rounding should be indicated. NCERT Page 46.
32 Which method provides the quickest overall understanding of abstract numerical data compared to reading text or a table? Options:
Diagrammatic presentation provides the quickest understanding of the actual situation, effectively translating abstract ideas into a concrete form. NCERT Page 46.
33 Bar diagrams and pie diagrams both belong to which broad category of diagrammatic presentation? Options:
Bar diagram and pie diagram come in the category of geometric diagram. NCERT Page 46.
34 In a simple bar diagram constructed for a specific characteristic, what does the height or length of each rectangle signify? Options:
A bar diagram comprises rectangular bars where the height or length of the bar reads the magnitude of the data. NCERT Page 46.
35 Which geometric diagram is used to compare two or more sets of data, such as income and expenditure across different years? Options:
Multiple bar diagrams are used for comparing two or more sets of data, like income and expenditure for different years. NCERT Page 48.
36 A bar diagram that subdivides a single bar to represent different integral parts, such as dividing total enrolled children into boys and girls, is called a: Options:
Component bar diagrams, also called sub-diagrams, are useful for comparing sizes of different component parts within a whole. NCERT Page 48.
37 When data is represented in a circle divided into parts proportional to the components it represents, it is known as a: Options:
A pie diagram is a component diagram where a circle's area is proportionally divided among the components it represents. NCERT Page 49.
38 To find the angle for each category in a pie diagram, the percentage figure of every component is multiplied by: Options:
A circle has 360°, so 1% corresponds to 3.6°. Thus, each percentage figure is multiplied by 3.6° to find the subtended angle. NCERT Page 50.
39 Data taking the form of a grouped frequency distribution are generally represented by frequency diagrams. Which of the following is a frequency diagram? Options:
Grouped frequency distributions are generally represented by frequency diagrams like the histogram, frequency polygon, frequency curve, and ogive. NCERT Page 50.
40 When the class intervals of a continuous variable vary in width, the heights of the rectangles in a histogram must be adjusted to represent: Options:
When bases vary in width, the heights of the rectangles are adjusted to represent frequency density (class frequency divided by width of the class interval). NCERT Page 51.
41 Which frequency diagram can be constructed by joining the midpoints of the topside of the consecutive rectangles of a histogram with straight lines? Options:
The simplest method of drawing a frequency polygon is to join the midpoints of the topside of the consecutive rectangles of the histogram. NCERT Page 52.
42 When creating a frequency polygon, what values are plotted along the X-axis? Options:
Both class boundaries and class-marks can be used along the X-axis, with distances between them corresponding to the class intervals. NCERT Page 52.
43 When the points of a frequency polygon are joined by a smooth freehand trace passing as closely as possible through them, the resulting graph is a: Options:
The frequency curve is obtained by drawing a smooth freehand curve passing through the points of the frequency polygon as closely as possible. NCERT Page 53.
44 An ogive is a graphical representation also known as a: Options:
Ogive is also called a cumulative frequency curve, plotted using cumulative frequencies against class limits. NCERT Page 53.
45 In a 'less than' ogive, cumulative frequencies are plotted against the respective: Options:
For a 'less than' ogive, the cumulative frequencies are plotted against the respective upper limits of the class intervals. NCERT Page 53.
46 The intersection point of the 'less than' ogive and the 'more than' ogive on a graph provides the value of the: Options:
An interesting feature of the two ogives together is that their intersection point gives the median of the frequency distribution. NCERT Page 53.
47 Which type of graph is specifically designed to plot time on the X-axis against the value of a variable on the Y-axis? Options:
An arithmetic line graph is also called a time series graph, where time is plotted along the x-axis and the value of the variable along the y-axis. NCERT Page 54.
48 In an arithmetic line graph representing a time series, the time variable (such as hours, months, or years) is always plotted along the: Options:
In a time series graph, time (hour, day, month, year) is plotted along the x-axis. NCERT Page 54.
49 What is the primary benefit of plotting an arithmetic line graph for variables over long periods? Options:
An arithmetic line graph (time series graph) helps in understanding the trend, periodicity, etc., in a long-term time series data. NCERT Page 54.
50 Which graphical method would be most appropriate to display the long-term trend of a country's total exports and imports from 1993 to 2014? Options:
A long-term trend over the years, such as exports and imports, is best analysed using an arithmetic line graph which plots time series data effectively. NCERT Page 54-55.